2020年1月13日 / 工具专业知识

如何使用扭矩将螺母正确拧紧到螺栓上

So what is the purpose of proper torque and the importance of doing it right? When we speak about tightening a nut to a bolt to compress the parts in between them, initially it can be easily screwed in until all the parts between them come together. This is when we work-the-torque! Although we may not be able to see it, a bolt actually stretches similarly to a rubber band, just that at a much slower pace that makes it impossible to see with our naked eyes. As the bolt stretches, it is squeezing every little possible space between the parts. This is when using the correct torque matters! A good stretch prevents loosening of the bolts as well as fatigue. However, without the correct torque, the bolt and nut is either not tightened or tightened to a point where it reaches its weak spot which can easily break.

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CFM56-7B发动机托架

  • 白油
  • 重型润滑脂
  • 抗扯裂化合物
  • 1/4 “ – 20螺栓(4个)
  • 平垫圈(8个)
  • 六角螺母(4个)
  • 扭力扳手
  • 11号(3/8“驱动)套节
  • 11号扳手
  • 带4个通孔的20mm厚金属板
  • 带4个通孔的10mm厚金属板
  • 常规:54.51 mm 
  • 油:54.43 mm
  • 润滑脂:54.54 mm
  • 防扯裂:54.68 mm
  • 常规:54.65 mm 
  • 油:54.53 mm
  • 润滑脂:54.97 mm
  • 防扯裂:55.27 mm
常规润滑脂防扯裂
之前(mm)54.5154.4354.5454.68
之后(mm)54.6554.5354.9755.27
变化(mm)0.140.100.430.59
拉伸(%)0.002570.001840.007880.01079

对于带有多个螺栓的表面, 为确保表面均匀压缩, 按正确顺序施加扭矩是非常重要的.

按照扭矩顺序, 最大扭矩为最终扭矩值的30%, 并确保表面均匀压缩.

施加100%扭矩之前, 以最终扭矩值的60%重复此步骤.

通过正确操作, 达到100%扭矩!

如果施矩错误, 未按照设计要求正确拉伸螺栓, 则会导致螺栓疲劳. 此外, 如果不遵守扭矩顺序, 导致应力不均匀, 施加过大的力时, 导致失效£.

下图是错误施矩示例. 使用牵引杆牵引飞机时, 由于不均匀的应力, 牵引头一侧发生变形, 导致螺母脱落.

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